Take Charge of Your Cervical Health

January is Cervical Health Awareness Month. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in 2020, the latest year for which incidence data are available, in the United States, 11,542 new cases of cervical cancer were reported among women, and 4,272 women died of this cancer.The good news is that cervical cancer is largely preventable through vaccination and appropriate screening, and the number of cases is going down.

Cervical Cancer Prevention: Screening Saves Lives

The primary culprit behind nearly all cervical cancers is the Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Detecting cervical cancer in its early stages is crucial, and screening is the key to achieving this. There are two primary screening tests that can help prevent cervical cancer or identify it in its early stages.

Pelvic Exams and Pap Smears

Regular pelvic exams and Pap smears are fundamental tools for prevention. The Pap test, or Pap smear, is designed to detect precancers – cellular changes on the cervix. By identifying these changes early, medical professionals can intervene before cancer develops. The HPV test, on the other hand, looks for the presence of the human papillomavirus, which can trigger these cellular changes.

Screening Recommendations

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), women should commence regular screening for HPV and cervical cancer at the age of 21. If you are 21 years or older, the CDC recommends a Pap test every three years. For those between the ages of 30 and 65, options include getting both a Pap test and an HPV test every five years or a Pap test every three years. Women aged 65 or older may receive guidance from their doctors regarding the need for continued screening, based on specific criteria.

Risk Factors and Prevention Measures

While cervical cancer is preventable, certain factors may increase your risk of developing the disease. It's essential to be aware of these factors and take preventive measures:

  • HPV Infection: HPV infection is the leading cause of cervical cancer. Engaging in safe sex practices, including the use of condoms, can reduce the risk of HPV transmission.

  • Smoking: Smoking has been linked to an increased risk of cervical cancer. Quitting smoking not only benefits your overall health but also lowers your risk of cervical cancer.

  • Weakened Immune System: Individuals with weakened immune systems, whether due to illness or medication, may be at higher risk. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and discussing immunization options with your healthcare provider can be beneficial.

  • Other Sexually-transmitted Infections (STIs): Having other STIs, such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, and HIV/AIDS - increases your risk of HPV.

  • Family History: A family history of cervical cancer may contribute to an elevated risk. Regular screenings and open communication with your healthcare provider can help manage this risk effectively.

Talk with your doctor or healthcare provider regarding your risk for developing cervical cancer, prioritize regular screenings, and stay informed about the factors that may increase your risk. If you're at high-risk and need navigation assistance, contact us. Prevention is the key, and early detection can truly save lives.

POSTTracey CarlsonHPM, HA, SB, cervical cancer, HPV, cervical health, PAP smear, cancer prevention